General Anatomy: Nervous System

Microglia help in clearing debris and protecting the CNS

Golgi type I neurons have long axons, while type II has short or no axons.

Oligodendrocytes produce myelin in the CNS, while Schwann cells do so in the PNS.

Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, whereas acetylcholine and glutamate are excitatory.

According to Waldeyer, neurons do not physically merge but communicate via synapses.

A synapse allows communication between neurons via neurotransmitters.

Axons transmit impulses away from the soma, and dendrites transmit toward the soma, this dynamic polarity ensures proper nerve signal transmission.

Neuroglial cells provide structural and functional support to neurons.

Neurons are the main excitable cells that conduct nerve impulses.

The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary actions like digestion and heart rate.

The human body has 31 pairs of spinal nerves responsible for sensory and motor functions.

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves in the cerebrospinal nervous system.

The spinal cord occupies the upper two-thirds of the vertebral canal and contains reflex centers.

The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord and is responsible for processing and integrating information.

The nervous system is divided into the CNS (brain and spinal cord) and the PNS (nerves outside the CNS).

The heart pumps blood, while the nervous system controls and coordinates body functions.

Motor nerves carry impulses to muscles and glands to trigger movement or secretion.

Sensory nerves transmit impulses from sensory organs to the CNS.

The nervous system is the chief controlling and coordinating system of the body, regulating voluntary and involuntary activities.